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LAB TEST & PROCEDURES
Title : Full blood count
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| Short Description : Blood test
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Explanation of Test: This is a basic screening test done in all patients and it gives valuable information about the patients diagnosis, prognosis, response to treatment and recovery. The FBC is particularly useful in classifying types and causes of anemia. The red blood cell count (RBC) determines the total number of red blood cells found per cubic millimeter of blood. This is important in determination of anemia and polycythemia. The white blood cell count (WBC) measures the total number of leukocytes in blood and plays an important role in diagnosis and prognosis of disease. In some diseases white blood cell numbers is changed in proportion to the severity of the disease
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For more information of hemoglobin (Hb) and hematocrit (HCT) please refer to individual article.
Red blood cell indices provide information on the size, weight and hemoglobin concentration of an average red cell. The MCV (mean corpuscular volume) provides an indication of red cell size. The MCH (mean corpuscular hemoglobin) provides measured weight of an average red cell. The MCHC (mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration) is a measurement of the amount of hemoglobin in an average cell
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Differential White blood cell count expresses the various types of leukocytes (white blood cells) as a percentage of total leukocytes present. This test differentiates causes of changes to total white blood cell count (WBC) such as inflammation, infection, tissue necrosis and or leukemia neoplasm. There are five types of leukocytes, each of which performs a specific function. Neutrophils combat bacterial infections; Eosinophils combat allergic disorders and parasitic infestations; Basophils function against parasitic infections; Lymphocytes combat viral infections and Monocytes are associated with severe infections. White blood cells change in numbers and types in response to the infective agent. When leukemia occur, the number of white blood cells increased markedly and immature cells called blasts will replace normal cells. No mention of these cells in a differential white blood cell count report implies that blasts are not detected.
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| Reference range: |
Test |
Adult male |
Adult female |
HCT (%) |
38-52 |
36-46 |
MCV (fl) |
76-96 |
76-96 |
MCH (pg) |
27-32 |
27-32 |
MCHC (%) |
32-36 |
32-36 |
WBC (X1010/L) |
4-11 |
4-11 |
RBC (X 1012/L) |
4.8-7.1 |
4.2-5.4 |
Hb (g/dL) |
38-52 |
36-46 |
Neutrophil (%) |
60-70 |
60-70 |
Eosinophil (%) |
1-4 |
1-4 |
Basophil(%) |
0.5-1 |
0.5-1 |
Lymphocytes(%) |
20-40 |
20-40 |
Monocytes (%) |
2-6 |
2-6 |
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