Title : Cholesterol HDL LDL
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| Short Description : Blood test |
Explanation of Test: High HDL-cholesterol is an indication of a healthy system in a person free of liver disease and intoxication of any kind. HDL-cholesterol is believed to serve as carriers that remove cholesterol from peripheral tissues and transport it back to the liver for removal and excretion. This is part of the panel of tests used to assess cardiovascular risk
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Reference range: adult: 0.72-1.68 mmol/L
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Cholesterol-LDL
Explanation of Test: Excessive LDL-cholesterol is believed to lead to deposition of cholesterol on the arterial walls. Often cholesterol in this form is referred to as "bad cholesterol". LDL cholesterol is closely associated with increased incidence of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases |
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Reference range: adult: < 3.2 mmol/L |
| Cholesterol/HDL-cholesterol Ratio
This ratio evaluates effect of cholesterol on risk of coronary heart diseases. The lower the ratio, the lower will be the risk |
Title : Colonoscopy
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Title : Amylase |
| Colonoscopy lets the physician look inside your entire large intestine, from the lowest part, the rectum, all the way up through the colon to the lower end of the small intestine. The procedure is used to diagnose the causes of unexplained changes in bowel habits. It is also used to look for early signs of cancer in the colon and rectum. Colonoscopy enables the physician to see inflamed tissue, abnormal growths, ulcers, bleeding, and muscle spasms |
For the procedure, you will lie on your left side on the examining table. You will probably be given pain medication and a mild sedative to keep you comfortable and to help you relax during the exam. The physician will insert a long, flexible, lighted tube into your rectum and slowly guide it into your colon. The tube is called a colonoscope (koh-LON-oh-skope). The scope transmits an image of the inside of the colon, so the physician can carefully examine the lining of the colon. The scope bends, so the physician can move it around the curves of your colon. You may be asked to change position occasionally to help the physician move the scope. The scope also blows air into your colon, which inflates the colon and helps the physician see better. |
| If anything unusual is in your colon, like a polyp or inflamed tissue, the physician can remove a piece of it using tiny instruments passed through the scope. That tissue (biopsy) is then sent to a lab for testing. If there is bleeding in the colon, the physician can pass a laser, heater probe, or electrical probe, or inject special medicines, through the scope and use it to stop the bleeding |
| Bleeding and puncture of the colon are possible complications of colonoscopy. However, such complications are uncommon
Colonoscopy takes 30 to 60 minutes. The sedative and pain medicine should keep you from feeling much discomfort during the exam. You will need to remain at the physician's office for 1 to 2 hours until the sedative wears off |
| Preparation
Your colon must be completely empty for the colonoscopy to be thorough and safe. To prepare for the procedure you may have to follow a liquid diet for 1 to 3 days beforehand. A liquid diet means fat-free bouillon or broth, Jell-O®, strained fruit juice, water, plain coffee, plain tea, or diet soda. You may need to take laxatives or an enema before the procedure. Also, you must arrange for someone to take you home afterward--you will not be allowed to drive because of the sedatives. Your physician may give you other special instructions |
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